Polar bears face higher risk of disease in a warming Arctic加拿大pc28开奖预测
由于表象变暖北极熊面对的疾病风险越来越大
disease
n. 疾病,病害;弊病,恶习
v. 传染,使……有病
1. Arctic ['a:ktɪk] n. the regions
around the North Pole,characterized by extreme cold and
ice 北极
北极周围的地区,其特色是极度清凉和冰雪障翳
characterize 昔日时characterized
v. 描画,描写;成为……的特征,是……的典型
Victoria Gill
Science correspondent, BBC News
维多利亚·吉尔
BBC 新闻科学记者
correspondent
n. (尤指从某一国度发还专题报说念的)记者,通讯员;通讯者,写信东说念主
As the Arctic warms, polar bears face a growing risk of contracting viruses, bacteria and parasites that they were less likely to encounter just 30 years ago, research has revealed.
商讨显示,跟着北极变暖,北极熊感染病毒、细菌和寄生虫的风险日益增多,而这些在 30 年前它们不太可能碰到。
2. contract ['kɒntrækt]
v.to become infected with virus or disease; to acquire or
develop a condition 感染
感染病毒或疾病,患上某种疾病。
infect昔日时infected
v. 传染,浸染;污染,阻挠;(某种心理或敬爱)影响;感染(有筹商机病毒)
acquire
v. 获取,得到;学到,习得;患上(疾病);迟缓具有,启动学会
condition
n. 情状,状态;条件,环境;疾病;条件
virus 复数 viruses
n. 病毒;病毒性疾病,病毒感染;(有筹商机)病毒,(手机的)短信病毒;无益影响,毁坏.
bacteria
n. 细菌(bacterium的复数)
parasite复数parasites
n. [基医]寄生虫;[生物]寄生生物(parasite 的复数)
revealed
v. 揭露,袒露;显示(reveal 的昔日式和昔日分词)
“research has revealed”常见释义为“商讨揭示;商讨标明”
3. parasite ['pærəsaɪt]
n. an organism that lives on or in
a host and benefits by deriving
nutrients at the host's expense
寄生虫
一种寄生于宿主身上或体内,并以就义宿主获取营养物资而获益的生物
organism
n. 生物,有机体,(尤指)微生物;有机组织,有机体系
deriving
得到
源于(derive 的当今分词)
集合 派生
nutrients
n. 营养物;营养(nutrient 的复数)
expense
n. 代价,用度;业务用度,报销(expenses);需要用钱的东西,花销的东西
v. 把……记入用度账户;向……收取用度;被花掉
In a study that has provided clues about how polar bear disease could be linked to ice loss, scientists examined blood samples from bears in the Chukchi Sea - between Alaska and Russia.
在一项为北极熊疾病怎样与冰层减少掂量联提供痕迹的商讨中,科学家检测了楚科奇海(位于阿拉斯加和俄罗斯之间)的北极熊的血液样本。
Chukchi Sea
n. 楚科奇海(北冰洋海域)
Chukchi
n. (西伯利亚东北部的)楚克其族;楚克其东说念主;楚克其语
adj. 楚克奇族的;楚克奇东说念主的;楚克奇语的.
Alaska
n. 阿拉斯加州
They analysed samples that had been gathered between 1987 and 1994, then collected and studied samples three decades later - between 2008 and 2017.
他们分析了 1987 年至 1994 年间采集的样本,然后在三十年后,即 2008 年至 2017 年间,又收罗并商讨了样本。
analyse 昔日时analysed
v. 分析,知悉;认识,化验;对……进行心理分析
4. infect [In'fekt] v. to contaminate
with a disease-causing organism
感染
“被致病微生物污染;受到致病生物体的污染”
contaminate
v. 污染,肮脏;毁坏,腐蚀(东说念主的想想或品德)
disease-causing
引起疾病的
致病的
organism
n. 生物,有机体,(尤指)微生物;有机组织,有机体系
The researchers found that significantly more of the recent blood samples contained chemical signals that bears had been infected with one of five viruses, bacteria or parasites.
商讨东说念主员发现,在最近的血液样本中,有赫然更多的样本含有化学信号,标明熊已感染了五种病毒、细菌或寄生虫中的一种。
它是一个主从复合句,“that bears had been infected with one of five viruses, bacteria or parasites”是一个宾语从句,用来补充阐扬“chemical signals”的具体内容。
bacterium 复数bacteria
n. 细菌(bacterium的复数)
parasite复数parasites
n. [基医]寄生虫;[生物]寄生生物(parasite 的复数)
It is difficult to know, from blood samples, how the bears'physical health was affected, but wildlife biologist Dr Karyn Rode from the US Geological Survey said it showed that something was changing throughout the whole Arctic ecosystem.
从血液样本中很难了解熊的体魄健康受到了怎样的影响,但好意思国地质看望局的野生生物学家卡琳·罗德博士暗示,这标明系数这个词北极生态系统正在发生变化。
biologist
n. 生物学家
geological
adj. 地质的,地质学的
ecosystem☞eco+system 体系,系统
n. 生态系统
The researchers tested for six different pathogens in total -viruses, bacteria or parasites that are primarily associated with land-based animals but have been recorded before in marine animals, including species that polar bears hunt.
商讨东说念主员系数检测了六种不同的病原体——病毒、细菌或寄生虫,这些病原体主要与陆纯真物关联,但此前在海洋动物中也有记载,包括北极熊捕食的物种。
5. pathogen [ˈpæθədʒən]
n. a bacterium, virus, or other
microorganism that can cause
disease 病原体
一种细菌、病毒或其他冒昧引起疾病的微生物
microorganism☞micro极小的,微细的+organism生物
n. [微] 微生物;微细动植物
pathogen☞path小路,演义念+ogen
n. 病原体,致病菌
disease☞do+sea海+se
n. 疾病,病害;弊病,恶习
primarily
adv. 主要塞,紧要塞,根土产货
associate 昔日时associated
adj. 关联联的,掂量的;都集的,联营的
v. 逸想,掂量;维持;营业(associate 的昔日式和昔日分词阵势)
land-based
adj. 以大地为基地的;栖息于陆地的marine
adj. 海洋的,海产的;海运的,海事的
n. 水兵,舟师陆战队士兵;(一个国度的)船舶
species
n. (动植物的)种,物种;种类;(具有交流特征的)一类东说念主;(化学加拿大pc28开奖预测,物理)核素;(圣餐顶用的)面包和圣酒
adj. 原种的
The study covered three decades, Dr Rode said, “when there had been a substantial loss of sea ice and there’s been increased land use in this population of polar bears."
罗德博士说,这项商讨涵盖了三十年,“在这段时候里,海冰大批减少,况兼在这群北极熊中,陆地的使用有所增多。”
6. substantial[səbˈstænʃl]
adj. of considerable importance,
size, or worth 本色的,大批的
具有相等遑急性、限度或价值的
considerable☞consider沟通,合计+able
adj. 相等大的,相等遑急的;(东说念主)显要的,值得尊敬的
"So we wanted to know if exposure had changed - affecting cats and humans particularly for some of these pathogens that we think are
primarily land-oriented.”
“是以咱们想知说念搏斗是否照旧发生了变化——尤其对猫和东说念主类产生影响,关于一些咱们合计主要与陆地掂量的病原体。
exposure
n. 袒露,搏斗;曝光,告发;报说念,宣传;单张胶片;曝光时候,曝光量;受冻;朝向
“land-oriented”常见释义为“面向陆地的;以陆地为导向的”。在这个句子中“primarily land-oriented”可相识为“主要与陆地掂量的;主要面向陆地的”。
The five pathogens, as disease-causing agents are collectively called, that have become more common in polar bears, are two parasites that cause toxoplasmosis and neosporosis, two types of bacteria that cause rabbit
fever and brucellosis, and the virus that causes canine distemper.
这五种病原体,算作致病因子的统称,在北极熊中变得更为常见,它们是两种导致弓形虫病和新孢子虫病的寄生虫、两种划分导致兔热病和布鲁氏菌病的细菌,以及导致犬瘟热的病毒。
agent复数agents
n. 代理东说念主,代理商;(艺术界的)牙东说念主;间谍,特工;原能源,动因;剂;
collectively☞collect集聚,收罗+ively
adv. 集体地,共同地
7.toxoplasmosis
[ˌtɒksəʊplæzˈməʊsɪs]. n. an infection caused by the Toxoplasma gondii, parasite, often affecting cats and humans.
弓形虫病
一种由刚地弓形虫寄生虫引起的感染,时常会影响猫和东说念主类。
infection
n. 传染病;感染;混浊,污染
Toxoplasma
n. 弓浆虫;弓形骸
gondii
n.弓形虫(学名:Toxoplasma gondii):一种寄生虫,可感染东说念主类和其他哺乳动物,引起弓形骸病。
affecting
v. 影响;(疾病)侵袭,感染;使感动,打动;假装;高慢,作念作地使用(affect 的当今分词)
8. neosporosis [ˌniːəʊspəˈrəʊsɪs]
n. an infection caused by the
Neospora caninum parasite, often
affecting dogs and livestock
新孢子虫病
一种由犬新孢子虫寄生虫引起的感染,常影响狗和牲畜
Neospora
新孢子虫属
caninum
集合 犬钩虫
fever
n. 发热,发热;狂热,高度振奋;热病
9. rabbit fever ['ræbɪt 'fi:vər]
n. a disease (tularemia) caused by
the bacterium Francisella tularensis
primarily affecting rabbits 兔热病
一种由土拉弗朗西斯菌引起的疾病(兔热病),主要影响兔子。
tularemia
n. [兽医] 兔热病;野兔病
Francisella
n. [微] 弗朗西斯氏菌属
tularensis
土拉杆菌内
10. brucellosis [ˌbruːsəˈləʊsɪs]
n. an infectious disease caused
by Brucella bacteria, affecting
livestock and humans布鲁氏菌病
一种由布鲁氏菌引起的传染病,影响牲口和东说念主类
infectious☞infection
【n. 传染病;感染;混浊,污染】
adj. 传染的,传染性的;有感染力的,有影响力的
Brucella
n. [微] 布鲁氏菌
livestock☞live生涯,谢世+stock
股票,现货,存货,股本,成本,股份
n. 牲口,牲畜
canine
adj. 犬的;犬齿的;犬科的;似犬的
n. 犬;[剖解]犬齿
distemper☞did+temper n. 坏特性,泼辣特性;情愫,心理;怒火,火气;(期间的)气息,特征;(东说念主或动物的)性格,性情;(钢等的)硬度,回火性;千里着,稳固
n. 瘟热(动物,尤指猫、狗的传染病)
11. canine distemper
['keɪnaɪn dɪ'stempər]
n. a viral disease affecting dogs,
characterized by fever, respiratory
issues, and neurological symptoms
犬瘟热
一种影响狗的病毒性疾病,其特征为发热、呼吸系统问题和神经症状
viral☞virus n. 病毒
adj. 病毒性的,病毒引起的;(与)应用病毒式营销手艺(关联)的
characterize昔日时characterized☞character
【n.性格,品性 +ize (d)】
adj. 以……为特色的
respiratory
adj. 呼吸的
neurological
adj. 精神病学的,神经学上的
symptom复数symptoms
n. 症状;症候;病征(symptom 的复数)
"Bears in general are pretty robust to disease, " explained Dr Rode."It's not typically been known to affect bear , population, but I think what it just highlights is that things [in the Arctic] are changing."
罗德博士阐扬注解说:“总的来说,熊对疾病的相背力相等强。时常合计这不会影响熊的数目,但我合计这适值突显了(北极的)情况正在发生变化。”
robust
adj. 矫健的,厚实的
在这里的pretty是副词相等,极度。修饰形容词robust 矫健的,厚实的
typically
adv. 典型地,有代表性地;一般,时常;一向如斯地,断事如神地
highlight 复数highlights
v. 凸起,强调;用亮色凸起;挑染(highlight 的第三东说念主称单数)
Key polar bear facts
要道的北极熊事实
There are about 26, 000 polar bears left in the world, with the majority in Canada. Populations are also found in the US, Russia, Greenland and Norway
宇宙上约莫还剩下 26,000 只北极熊,其中大多数在加拿大。在好意思国、俄罗斯、格陵兰和挪威也有其种群散播。
majority
n. 大多数
adj. 多数东说念主的
Polar bears are listed as vulnerable to extinction by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, with climate change a key factor in their decline.
北极熊被国际当然保护定约列为易危物种,表象变化是其数目减少的要道成分。
东方大国是一个发展东方大国家,虽然现在已经发展成为世界第二大经济体,但在改革开放之前,东方大国经济相对较为落后,那个时候东方大国主要以农业为主,而工业方面则是相对欠缺的,因此东方大国决定对经济进行改革开放,进行工业化建设,建立起社会主义市场经济体制。
12.vulnerable [ˈvʌlnərəbl]
adj.susceptible to physical or harm脆弱的
易受体魄伤害的
susceptible
adj. 易得病的,易受影响的;(东说念主)易受感动的,易动心理的。
extinction
n. 殒命,灭一火;(债务的)偿清;消光
conservation
n. 保护,保存;简易,留意浮滥;守恒定律
Adult males can grow to be around 3m long and can weigh close to 600kg
成年雄性不错长到约 3 米长,体重接近 600 公斤。
Polar bears can eat up to 45kg of blubber in one sitting.
北极熊一次能吃掉多达 45 公斤的鲸脂。
“in one sitting”常见释义为“一语气;一次;一语气地”
在一个一语气的时候段内完成某项任务;在启动时就完成任务
13.blubber [ˈblʌbə(r)]
n. a thick layer of fat beneath
the skin of marine mammals,
providing insulation脂肪
n. 鲸脂;哽噎
海洋哺乳动物皮肤下的一层厚厚的脂肪,起御寒作用
lay复数layer
n. 层;档次,等第;摆放者,铺设者,产卵者;压条
marine
adj. 海洋的,海产的;海运的,海事的
mammal复数mammals
n. 哺乳动物
insulation
n. 隔热,绝缘,隔音;隔热(或绝缘、隔音)材料;阻挠状态
These bears have a powerful sense of smell and can sniff out prey from up to 16km away
这些熊有着很强的感觉,能在 16 千米除外嗅出猎物。
14. sniff [snɪf]
v. to inhale through the nose
audibly, often to detect an odor 嗅
通过鼻子出声地吸气,时常是为了察觉气息
inhale
vt. 吸入,吸气;狼吞虎咽,大吃大嚼
audibly
adv. 可听倡导
detect
v. 查明,察觉;测出,检测,识别
odor
n. 气息;名声
15. prey [preɪ] n. an animal hunted
or killed by another for food 猎物
一种被另一种动物猎捕或杀死以算作食品的动物
They are strong swimmers and have been spotted up to 100km offshore. They can swim at speeds of around 10km per hour, due in part to their paws being slightly webbed.
它们是拍浮健将,在距离海岸 100 公里远的海域都曾被发现过。它们的拍浮速率约为每小时 10 公里,部分原因是它们的爪子有点像蹼。
offshore
adj. 海上的,近海的;离岸的,向海的;海底石油(或自然气)的开导的;国外的,境外的
adv. 海上地,近海地;离岸地,向海地;海底石油(或自然气)的开导地
v. 将(公司的部分加工或干事)转至国外
16. paw [pɔ:] n. the foot of a
mammal,typically having claws or
pads 爪
哺乳动物的脚,时常有爪子或肉垫
typically
adv. 典型地,有代表性地;一般,时常;一向如斯地,断事如神地
pad昔日时pads
n. [机]衬垫(pad 的复数);波纹细丝带,眼镜丝带
web昔日时webbed
adj. 有蹼的;蜘蛛网状的v. 用蹼将……一语气;结网;使落入圈套(web 的昔日分词)
17. webbed [webd]
adj. having skin or membranes connecting the toes, as in certain
aquatic animals 有蹼的
(某些水纯真物)脚趾间有皮肤或膜衔接的
membrane 复数membranes
n. 细胞膜(membrane 的复数);薄膜;膜皮
aquatic
adj. 水生的,水栖的;与水纯真植物关联的;水的,水上的
n. (尤指适于在水塘或水族馆中生活的)水生植物(或动物);水上清醒(aquatics)
aqua
n. 水;溶液;浅绿色
adj. 浅绿色的
aquarium
n. 水族箱,养鱼缸;水族馆
aquaculture☞aqua水,溶液+culture文化,雅致
n. [水产] 水产生息;水产业
due in part to
由于部分原因:暗示某个遵循或情况是由于多种原因中的一部分所导致的。
In the US, polar bears are classified as a threatened species; scientists say the biggest threat to their future is the continuing loss of sea ice habitat, which they depend on as a platform from which to pounce on their marine prey.
在好意思国,北极熊被列为受威迫物种;科学家暗示,对它们未来组成的最大威迫是海冰栖息地的握续减少,它们依靠海冰算作平台来扑向海洋中的猎物。
classify昔日时classified
adj. 分类的,归类的;精巧的,守密的
n. 分类告白
v. 把……分类,把……分级;把(信息)归入守密级别(classify 的昔日式和昔日分词阵势)
threaten昔日时threatened
adj. 受到威迫的,感到危机的
v. 威迫,勒索;威迫到,危及;预示恶兆,有…危机(threaten 的昔日式和昔日分词)
species 单复数交流
n. (动植物的)种,物种;种类;(具有交流特征的)一类东说念主;(化学,物理)核素;(圣餐顶用的)面包和圣酒
adj. 原种的
18. pounce [pauns] v. to leap or
spring suddenly in order to catch or
seize something 猛扑
Previous research using collar cameras on bears has shown
that, as they spend more of the year on land -when there is no available sea ice to hunt from - the bears are unable to find enough calories.
之前使用项圈相机对熊进行的商讨标明,由于它们一年中更多时候在陆地上渡过——当莫得可供狩猎的海冰时——这些熊无法获取饱和的热量。
Previous
adj. 以前的,先前的;(时候或律例上)稍前的;过早的,过急的
n. 前科,罪犯记载
calory复数calories
n. 卡路里(热量单元,calorie 的复数)
Dr Rode explained that polar bears are top predators: “Our study suggested that they're getting their exposure to some pathogens primarily through their prey species.
罗德博士阐扬注解说,北极熊是顶级掠食者:“咱们的商讨标明,它们主若是通过猎物搏斗到一些病原体的。”
predator 复数predators
[动]捕食者
[动]食肉动物(predator 的复数)
exposure
搏斗
pathogens
n. [基医] 病原体;病原菌;[基医] 致病菌
"So what we saw as changes in pathogen exposure for polar bears is indicative of changes that other species are also experiencing.”
“是以咱们所看到的北极熊搏斗病原体的变化,标明其他物种也在阅历肖似的变化。”
19. indicative 英 [ɪnˈdɪkətɪv] 好意思 [ɪnˈdɪkətɪv] adj.
serving as a sign or indication of
something 率领的
算作某物的绚烂或率领
serving as
算作……的责任或脚色:担任某种责任或脚色的行动。
Image source: USG
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